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Introduction

The ATLAS.ti licensing model is flexible and gives you as a customer the opportunity to optimally utilize your ATLAS.ti licenses. With few exceptions, ATLAS.ti licenses are per-seatlicenses. This means that only users that are using ATLAS.ti at any given moment count as active users and occupy a seat.

For the free powerdvd 18 serial key - Crack Key For U of this document, we use the term organization regardless of its size; this can be a small team of 3-4 people, or an entire university campus.

The administrator is the user who administers the ATLAS.ti licenses and assigns them to end-users.

The user is the end-user, typically an employee, team member, faculty member, or student.

On this page, we will help you, the license administrator, with some of the most common tasks.

Purchasing a License

It is not always the license administrator that purchases the license. Some organizations may have a special department that is responsible for purchases, but after the purchase is complete, the administrator takes care of the actual administration atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators the license. Other organizations may purchase license trough a designated reseller.

• If you, the administrator, or your purchasing department are conducting the license purchase, just go to the ATLAS.ti web shop and purchase the license as you normally would. You will receive a license key in the confirmation email from the web shop.

• If you purchase trough a reseller, the reseller will send you the license key (see below).

• If you have a subscription license and qualify for a free upgrade from a previous version, you will receive the license key directly from ATLAS.ti per email.

With the license key in hand, proceed to create your organization account (see next step).

Creating an Organization Account

To use ATLAS.ti 9 and ATLAS.ti Cloud, you need an ATLAS.ti Account. This is true for both administrators and end users.

An organization account is no different than a normal ATLAS.ti account, except that the intent with the account is atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators manage and share the organization's ATLAS.ti licenses with end users in the organization.

Here are some tips for creating an organization account :

• Do not user your personal email address. You may change job and your colleagues will not be able to access the account anymore. Create and use some generic email address, such as [email protected] or [email protected]

• As the email address will need to be validated, you man need help from your IT department to ensure that you can receive the email sent to it.

• Name the account something descriptive, as the end users will see this name.

• Use a strong password, as anybody with access to this account can otherwise block the end users from accessing ATLAS.ti.

To create the organization account, go to my.atlasti.com and register as a new user.

If you already have an account and have opted to be automatically logged in, you may need to logout first and then register the new organization account.

Activating the License

Now, when you have your organization account and your license key, you can activate it. Activating the license key makes the license available under your organization.

To activate the license, type/paste the license key you received when you purchased the license and confirm that you want to activate it.

Keep a few things in mind:

• Once activated, the license is bound to this account and cannot be transferred to another account . Therefore, ensure that you are logged in with the correct account, not, for example, with a private ATLAS.ti account. (Under exceptional circumstances, ATLAS.ti support can revoke the existing license and generate a new license key for you, which you can activate under a different account.)

• When you invite end users into your organization (next step), they will be able to see and use all licenses in that the organization has.

• If you have a complex organization with, for example, multiple departments, and each department will need different policies as to who has access to which license, create several ATLAS.ti organizational accounts. Then purchase a license per department.

• If you have a campus license and have several accounts (as described above), contact ATLAS.ti Support to receive a license key for each account.

• If your license is time limited, the expiration is always relative to the purchase date, not the activation date. That means that if you have a one-year license and you wait six months before activating it, you will only have six useful months left on this license.

• If you have a subscription license, once entered in the system, renewal of the subscription will happen automatically--there is no need for any action from your side.

Sharing the License

Once your organization is registered, and the license is activated, you can start sharing it with users in your organization.

Each organization has an invite keywhich is a secret key that gives access to your organization. People who know this key can join your organization and use your ATLAS.ti licenses. You find that key in your account.

If your organization is small, you can just email the invite key to each memberor you can print it out and post it on your bulletin board. For larger organizations, you can, for example, share this key together with information on how to use it (next step) on your atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators intranet.

Together with the invite key, we provide an invite URL. This is very similar to the invite key, except what when clicked, it takes the user directly to my.atlasti.com and enters the key for the user, making things much simpler. The invite URL is also easier to integrate in a larger organization's intranet or other IT systems.

Keep in mind that the invite key is very similar to an ATLAS.ti version 8 license key. Anyone who has the key can join your organization and use your ATLAS.ti licenses. Therefore, do not share the key with people outside your organization. In fact, we recommend generating a new key on regular intervals. This will invalidate the old invite keys in case they have been compromised. Users who have already joined the organization will stay unaffected.

Installing the Software

Before the end users can use the software, the desktop software (Windows or Mac) must be installed. ATLAS.ti Cloud needs no installation, only a compatible browser.

In larger organizations, you as the administrator should download the installer from the ATLAS.ti portal, my.atlasti.com. The installer can be given to the organization's IT administrator to have it installed on the organization's computers. No license-related configuration is required. - If you need to deploy ATLAS.ti for multiple computers at once (e.g., in a computer lab), you can request an .msi installer from our Support Team We also plan to make this .msi file available in your my.atlasti.com account.

In smaller organizations, the end users who have access to your license can also directly download the installers for the desktop apps and install on their computers.

Only software for which you have license is available for download . If you have only ATLAS.ti Cloud licenses, then the desktop software will not be available for download.

Once installed, the software will automatically update itself as new updates are released (after confirmation from the user). In larger organizations, the IT administrator may need to install the updates, as the end users may not have the necessary permissions.

Using Your Shared License

The following instructions are for end users- e.g., employees, organization members, students-who want to use theorganization's license. It is assumed that the software is atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators installed (see above) and that the invite key or invite URL has been given to the users (see above).

• The user navigates to my.atlasti.com and registers as a new user. If the user already has an ATLAS.ti account, they can use their existing account.

• The user then enters the invite key to join your organization.

• Alternative: If the user uses the invite URLthe process is similar, except that they do not need to enter the portal URL nor the invite key, they are included in the URL. This makes things simpler and very convenient.

Once the user has joined your organization, they can start ATLAS.ti Cloud or the desktop version, login with their account and use the organization's licenses. In the portal, they can also see the licenses that are shared with them; however, only some basic information is shown to the user (information such as the total number of seats, other users in the organizations etc. are not available to the user, but only to the administrator).

There is no limit on how many users can join your organization. But there is a limit on how many users may simultaneously use your licenses, as stipulated by the license.

Managing Users (for Administrators)

This step is optional but recommended:

In your my.atlasti.com account, you can see the users that have used the invite key and joined your organization. If a user leaves your organization, you will wanmt to block their access to your licenses. When you deactivate the user, even if they have an invite key, they can no longer use the organization's licenses.

Be aware that a user can create a new ATLAS.ti account at any time, and if they know the invite key, they can re-join your organization. Therefore, change the invite key at regular intervals, and deactivate users who are no longer part of the organization.

Under "users," you can also see in your account which users are currently active and occupy a license seat. Normally, the user will occupy a license as long as their ATLAS.ti application is open. Therefore, we recommend that users close the ATLAS.ti application before a long absence from the computer (e.g., vacation).

Should the application crash, the license portal will not notice and will still consider the user to be using the system and therefore occupying a license. However, the system does regularly check if the app is atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators active. If it has crashed and is not responding, after a few hours the license portal will automatically release the occupied seat.

Additional Licenses

If your organization has exhausted the available license seats, it is possible to purchase additional license seats by purchasing additional licenses.

Purchasing additional licenses is similar to how you purchased your initial license: Once you have the license key for the new license, open the license portal my.atlasti.com, type your new license key and activate it.

Once the license is activated, the seats from all your licenses are aggregated. For example, if you have a 20-user license, a 10-user license and a 5-user license, 35 simultaneous license seats will be available in your organization.

If you have multiple ATLAS.ti accounts, be sure that you are logged in with the correct account!

Be aware of the following:

• If your licenses have expiration dates, they will still apply individually, even in an accumulated setting. Let's say you have a 20-user license expiring 12-31-2021 and a 10-user license expiring 06-30-2022, you will have 30 seats until the end of 2021 and then 10 seats until the end of June 2022.

• Be aware that the new license that you add are compatible with the existing license. For example, if you have commercial license, you should purchase additional commercial licenses and not educational or governmental licenses. Currently the system does not check if you try to mix incompatible license types - it is the administrator's responsibility to ensure that the organization is entitled to use activated licenses. Our posted license terms and conditions apply.

Resellers

The following instructions are for ATLAS.ti resellers. If you are a reseller, please read and follow the instructions. - If you buy from a reseller, please bring this information to the reseller's attention:

• If you are an ATLAS.ti reseller, you do not need an ATLAS.ti account in the online portal. Simply purchase licenses from the shop.

• Once the purchase is complete, do not activate that license key yourself. Instead, forward the key and the purchase confirmation mail to the customer. It is the customer who will create an ATLAS.ti account and activate the key under their account.

• If the license is time limited, atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators expiration date if the license is set relative to the time of purchase, not the time of activation. Therefore, it is your responsibility to ensure that you forward the license key to the customer in a timely manner.

Public copyright license for allowing free use of a work

This article is about the Creative Commons licenses. For the organization that produced them, see Creative Commons.

Particular Creative Commons license names redirect here, including CC BY-SA (which is used by the Wikimedia projects (including Wikipedia) and FANDOM (Wikia)). See Wikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License for Wikipedia's license.

A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted "work".^{[note 1]} A CC license is used when an author wants to give other people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that the author has created. CC provides an author flexibility (for example, they might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of a given work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

There are several types of Creative Commons license. Each license differs by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution. They were initially released on December 16, 2002, by Creative Commons, a U.S.non-profit corporation founded in 2001. There have also been five versions of the suite of licenses, numbered 1.0 through 4.0.^[6] Released in November 2013, the 4.0 license suite is the most current. While the Creative Commons license was originally grounded in the American legal system, there are now several Creative Commons jurisdiction ports which accommodate international laws.

In October 2014, the Open Knowledge Foundation approved the Creative Commons CC BY, CC BY-SA and CC0 licenses as conformant with the "Open Definition" for content and data.^[7][8][9]

History and international use[edit]

Lawrence Lessig and Eric Eldred designed the Creative Commons License (CCL) in 2001 because they saw a need for a license between the existing modes of copyright and public domain status. The CCL allows inventors to keep the rights to their innovations while also allowing for some external use of the invention.^[10] The CCL emerged as a reaction to the decision in Eldred v. Ashcroft, in which the United States Supreme Court ruled constitutional provisions of the Copyright Term Extension Act that extended the copyright term of works to be the last living author's lifespan plus an additional 70 years.^[10] The original non-localized Creative Commons licenses were written with the U.S. legal system in mind; therefore, the wording may be incompatible with local legislation in other jurisdictions, rendering the licenses unenforceable there. To address this issue, Creative Commons asked its affiliates to translate the various licenses to reflect local laws in a process called "porting."^[11] As of July 2011, Creative Commons licenses have been ported to over 50 jurisdictions worldwide.^[12]

Chinese use of the Creative Commons license[edit]

Working with Creative Commons, the Chinese government adapted the Creative Commons License to the Chinese context, replacing the individual monetary compensation of U.S. copyright law with incentives to Chinese innovators to innovate as a social contribution.^[13] In China, the resources of society are thought to enable an individual's innovations; the continued betterment of society serves as its own reward.^[14] Chinese law heavily prioritizes the eventual contributions that an invention will have towards society’s growth, resulting in initial laws placing limits on the length of patents and very stringent conditions regarding the use and qualifications of inventions.^[14]

"Info-communism"[edit]

An idea sometimes called "info-communism" found traction in the Western world after researchers at MIT grew frustrated over having aspects of their code withheld from the public.^[15] Modern copyright law roots itself in motivating innovation through rewarding innovators for socially valuable inventions. Western patent law assumes that (1) there is a right to use an invention for commerce and (2) it is up to the patentee's discretion to limit that right.^[16] The MIT researchers, led by Richard Stallman, argued for the more open proliferation of their software's use for two primary reasons: the moral obligation of altruism and collaboration, and the unfairness of restricting the freedoms of other users by depriving them of non-scarce resources.^[15] As a result, they developed the General Public License (GPL), a precursor to the Creative Commons License based on existing American copyright and patent law.^[15] The GPL allowed the economy around a piece of software to remain capitalist by allowing programmers to commercialize products that use the software, but also ensured that no single person had complete and exclusive rights to the usage of an innovation.^[15] Since then, info-communism has gained traction, with some scholars arguing in 2014 that Wikipedia itself is a manifestation of the info-communist movement.^[17]

Applicable works[edit]

Work licensed under a Creative Commons license is governed by applicable copyright law.^[18] This allows Creative Commons licenses to be applied to all work falling under copyright, including: books, plays, movies, music, articles, photographs, blogs, and websites.

Software[edit]

While software is also governed by copyright law and CC licenses are applicable, the CC recommends against using it in software specifically due to backward-compatibility limitations with existing commonly used software licenses.^[19][20] Instead, developers may resort to use more software-friendly Free and open-source softwaresoftware licenses. Outside the FOSS licensing use case for software there are several usage examples to utilize Bandicam crack + keygen - Free Activators licenses to specify a "Freeware" license model; examples are The White Chamber, Mari0 or Assault Cube.^[21] Despite the status of CC0 as the most free copyright license, the Free Software Foundation does not recommend releasing software into the public domain using the CC0.^[22]

However, application of a Creative Commons license may not modify the rights allowed by fair use or fair dealing or exert restrictions which violate copyright exceptions.^[23] Furthermore, Creative Commons licenses are non-exclusive and non-revocable.^[24] Any work or copies of the work obtained under a Creative Commons license may continue to be used under that license.^[25]

In the case of works protected by multiple Creative Commons licenses, the user may choose either of them.^[26]

Preconditions[edit]

The author, or the licensor in case the author did a contractual transfer of rights, need to have the exclusive rights on the work. If the work has already been published under a public license, it can be uploaded by any third party, once more on another platform, by using a compatible license, and making reference and attribution to the original license (e.g. by referring the URL of the original license).^[16]

Consequences[edit]

The license is non-exclusive and royalty-free, unrestricted in terms of territory and duration, so is irrevocable, unless a new license is granted by the author after the work has been significantly modified. Any use of the work that is not covered by other copyright rules triggers the public license. Upon activation of the license, the licensee must adhere to all conditions of the license, otherwise the license agreement is illegitimate, and the licensee would commit a copyright infringement. The author, or the licensor as a proxy, has the legal atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators to act upon any copyright infringement. The licensee has a limited period to correct any non-compliance.^[16]

Types of license[edit]

CC license usage in 2014 (top and middle), "Free cultural works" compatible license usage 2010 to 2014 (bottom)

Four rights[edit]

The CC licenses all grant "baseline rights", such as the right to distribute the copyrighted work worldwide for non-commercial purposes and without modification.^[27] In addition, different versions of license prescribe different rights, as shown in this table:^[28]

Icon	Right	Description
	Attribution (BY)	Licensees may copy, distribute, display, perform and make derivative works and remixes based on it only if they give the author or licensor the credits (attribution) in the manner specified by these. Since version 2.0, all Creative Commons licenses require attribution to the creator and include the BY element.
	Share-alike (SA)	Licensees may distribute derivative works only under a license identical to ("not more restrictive than") the license that governs the original work. (See also copyleft.) Without share-alike, derivative works might be sublicensed with compatible but more restrictive license clauses, e.g. CC BY to CC BY-NC.)
	Non-commercial (NC)	Licensees may copy, distribute, display, perform the work and make derivative works and remixes based on it only for non-commercial purposes.
	No derivative works (ND)	Licensees may copy, distribute, display and perform only verbatim copies of the work, not derivative works and remixes based on it. Since version 4.0, derivative works are allowed but must not be shared.

The last two clauses are not free content licenses, according to definitions such as DFSG or the Free Software Foundation's standards, and cannot be used in contexts that require these freedoms, such as Wikipedia. For software, Creative Commons includes three free licenses created by other institutions: the BSD License, the GNULGPL, and the GNUGPL.^[29]

Mixing and matching these conditions produces sixteen possible combinations, of which eleven are valid Creative Commons licenses and five are not. Of the five invalid combinations, four include both the atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators and "sa" clauses, which are mutually exclusive; and one includes none of the clauses. Of the eleven valid combinations, the five that lack the "by" clause have been retired because 98% of licensors requested attribution, though they do remain available for reference on the website.^[30][31][32] This leaves six regularly used licenses plus the CC0 public domain declaration.

Seven regularly used licenses[edit]

The seven licenses in most frequent use are shown in the following table. Among them, those accepted by the Wikimedia Foundation – the public domain dedication and two attribution (BY and BY-SA) licenses – allow the sharing and remixing (creating derivative works), including for commercial use, so long as attribution is given.^[32][33][34]

Version 4.0[edit]

Main article: Creative Commons jurisdiction ports

The latest version 4.0 of the Creative Commons licenses, released on November 25, 2013, are generic licenses that are applicable to most jurisdictions and do not usually require ports.^{[35][36][37][38]} No new ports have been implemented in version 4.0 of the license.^[39] Version 4.0 discourages using ported versions and instead acts as a single global license.^[40]

Rights and obligations[edit]

Attribution[edit]

Since 2004, all current licenses other than the CC0 variant require attribution of the original author, as signified by the BY component (as in the preposition "by").^[31] The attribution must be given to "the best of [one's] ability using the information available".^[41] Creative Commons suggests the mnemonic "TASL": title -- author -- source [web link] -- [CC] licence.
Generally this implies the following:

• Include any copyright notices (if applicable). If the work itself contains any copyright notices placed there by the copyright holder, those notices must be left intact, or reproduced in a way that is reasonable to the medium in which the work is being re-published.
• Cite the author's name, screen name, or user ID, etc. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice to link that name to the person's profile page, if such atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators page exists.
• Cite the work's title or name (if applicable), if such a thing exists. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice to link the name or title directly to the original work.
• Cite the specific CC license the work is under. If the work is being published on the Internet, it is nice if the license citation links to the license on the CC website.
• Mention if the work is a derivative work or adaptation. In addition to the above, one needs to identify that their work is a derivative work, e.g., "This is a Finnish translation of [original work] by [author]." or "Screenplay based on [original work] by [author]."

Non-commercial licenses[edit]

Main article: Creative Commons NonCommercial license

Further information: Creative Commons § Criticism of the non-commercial license

The "non-commercial" option included in some Creative Commons licenses is controversial in definition,^[42] as it is sometimes unclear what can be considered a non-commercial setting, and application, since its restrictions differ from the principles of open content promoted by other permissive licenses.^[43] In 2014 Wikimedia Deutschland published a guide to using Creative Commons licenses as wiki pages for translations and as PDF.^[16]

Zero / public domain[edit]

"CC0" redirects here. It is not to be confused with CCO (disambiguation).

Creative Commons Public Domain Mark. Indicates works which have already fallen into (or were given to) the public domain.

Besides copyright licenses, Creative Commons also offers CC0, a tool for relinquishing copyright and releasing material into the public domain.^[34] CC0 is a legal tool for waiving as many rights as legally possible.^[45] Or, when not legally possible, CC0 acts as fallback as public domain equivalent license.^[45] Development of CC0 began in 2007^[46] and it was released in 2009.^[47][48] A major target of the license was the scientific data community.^[49]

In 2010, Creative Commons announced its Public Domain Mark,^[50] a tool for labeling works already in the public domain. Together, CC0 and the Public Domain Mark replace the Public Domain Dedication and Certification,^[51] which took a U.S.-centric approach and co-mingled distinct operations.

In 2011, the Free Software Foundation added CC0 to its free software licenses. However, despite CC0 being the most free and open copyright license, the Free Software Foundation currently does not recommend using CC0 to release software into the public domain.^[22]

In February 2012, CC0 was submitted to Open Source Initiative (OSI) for their approval.^[52] However, controversy arose over its clause which excluded from the scope of the license any relevant patents held by the copyright holder. This clause was added with scientific data in mind rather than software, but some members of the OSI believed it could weaken users' defenses against software patents. As a result, Creative Commons withdrew their submission, and the license is not currently approved by the OSI.^[49][53]

From 2013 to 2017, the stock photography website Unsplash used the CC0 license,^[54][55] distributing several million free photos a month.^[56]Lawrence Lessig, the founder of Creative Commons, has contributed to the site.^[57] Unsplash moved from using the CC0 license to their own similar license in June 2017, but with a restriction added on using the photos to make a competing service which made it incompatible with the CC0 license.^[58]

In October 2014, the Open Knowledge Foundation approved the Creative Commons CC0 as conformant with the Open Definition and recommend the license to dedicate content to the public domain.^[8][9]

Adaptability[edit]

An example of a permitted combination of two works, one being CC BY-SA and the other being Public Domain.

Rights in an adaptation can be expressed by a CC license that is compatible with the status or licensing of the original work or works on which the adaptation is based.^[59]

Legal aspects[edit]

The legal implications of large numbers of works having Creative Commons licensing are difficult to predict, and there is speculation that media creators often lack insight to be able to choose the license which best meets their intent in applying it.^[62]

Some works licensed using Creative Commons licenses have been involved in several court cases.^[63] Creative Commons itself was not a party to any of these cases; they only involved licensors or licensees of Creative Commons licenses. When the cases went as far as decisions by judges (that is, they were not dismissed for lack of jurisdiction or were not settled privately out of court), they have all validated the legal robustness of Creative Commons public licenses.

Dutch tabloid[edit]

In early 2006, podcaster Adam Curry sued a Dutch tabloid who published photos from Curry's Flickr page without Curry's permission. The photos were licensed under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial license. While the verdict was in favor of Curry, the tabloid avoided having to pay restitution to him as long as they did not repeat the offense. Professor Bernt Hugenholtz, main creator of the Dutch CC license and director of the Institute for Information Law of the University of Amsterdam, commented, "The Dutch Court's decision is especially noteworthy because it confirms that the conditions of a Creative Commons license automatically apply to the content licensed under it, and binds users of such content even without expressly agreeing to, or having knowledge of, the conditions of the license."^{[64][65][66][67]}

Virgin Mobile[edit]

In 2007, Virgin Mobile Australia launched an advertising campaign promoting their cellphone text messaging service using the work of amateur photographers who uploaded their work to Flickr using a Creative Commons-BY (Attribution) license. Users licensing their images this way freed their work for use by any other entity, as long as the original creator was attributed credit, without any other compensation required. Virgin upheld this single restriction by printing a URL leading to the photographer's Flickr page on each of their ads. However, one picture, depicting 15-year-old Alison Chang at a fund-raising carwash for her church,^[68] caused some controversy when she sued Virgin Mobile. The photo was taken by Alison's church youth counselor, Justin Ho-Wee Wong, who uploaded the image to Flickr under the Creative Commons license.^[68] In 2008, the case (concerning personality rights rather than copyright as such) was thrown out of a Texas court for lack of jurisdiction.^[69][70]

SGAE vs Fernández[edit]

In the fall of 2006, the collecting society Sociedad General de Autores y Editores (SGAE) in Spain sued Ricardo Andrés Utrera Fernández, owner of a disco bar located in Badajoz who played CC-licensed music. SGAE argued that Fernández should pay royalties for public performance of the music between November 2002 and August 2005. The Lower Court rejected the collecting society's claims because the owner of the bar proved that the music he was using was not managed by the society.^[71]

In February 2006, the Cultural Association Ladinamo (based in Madrid, and represented by Javier de la Cueva) was granted the use of copyleft music in their public activities. The sentence said:

"Admitting the existence of music equipment, a joint evaluation of the evidence practiced, this court is convinced that the defendant prevents communication of works whose management is entrusted to the plaintiff [SGAE], using a repertoire of authors who have not assigned the exploitation of their rights to the SGAE, having at its disposal a database for that purpose and so it is manifested both by the legal representative of the Association and by Manuela Villa Acosta, in charge of the cultural programming of the association, which is compatible with the alternative character of the Association and its integration in the movement called 'copy left'".^[72]

GateHouse Media, Inc. v. That's Great News, LLC[edit]

On June 30, 2010 GateHouse Media filed a lawsuit against That's Great News. GateHouse Media owns a number of local newspapers, including Rockford Register Star, which is based in Rockford, Illinois. That's Great News makes plaques out of newspaper articles and sells them to the people featured in the articles.^[73] GateHouse sued That's Great News for copyright infringement and breach of contract. GateHouse claimed that TGN violated the non-commercial and no-derivative works restrictions on GateHouse Creative Commons licensed work when TGN published the material on its website. The case was settled on August 17, 2010, though the settlement was not made public.^[73][74]

Drauglis v. Kappa Map Group, LLC[edit]

The plaintiff was photographer Art Drauglis, who uploaded several pictures to the photo-sharing website Flickr using Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License (CC BY-SA), including one entitled "Swain's Lock, Montgomery Co., MD.". The defendant was Kappa Map Group, a map-making company, which downloaded the image and used it in a compilation entitled "Montgomery Co. Maryland Street Atlas". Though there was nothing on the cover that indicated the origin of the picture, the text "Photo: Swain's Lock, Montgomery Co., MD Photographer: Carly Lesser & Art Drauglis, Creative Commoms [sic], CC-BY-SA-2.0" appeared at the bottom of the back cover.

The validity of the CC BY-SA 2.0 as a license was not in dispute. The CC BY-SA 2.0 requires that the licensee to use nothing less restrictive than the CC BY-SA 2.0 terms. The atlas was sold commercially and not for free reuse by others. The dispute was whether Drauglis' license terms that would apply to "derivative works" applied to the entire atlas. Drauglis sued the defendants in June 2014 for copyright infringement and license breach, seeking declaratory and injunctive relief, damages, fees, and costs. Drauglis asserted, among other things, that Kappa Map Group "exceeded the scope of the License because defendant did not publish the Atlas under a license with the same or similar terms as those under which the Photograph was originally licensed."^[75] The judge dismissed the case on that count, ruling that the atlas was not a derivative work atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators the photograph in the sense of the license, but rather a collective work. Since the atlas was not a derivative work of the photograph, Kappa Map Group did not need to license the entire atlas under the CC BY-SA 2.0 license. The judge also determined that the work had been properly attributed.^[76]

In particular, the judge determined that it was sufficient to credit the author of the photo as prominently as authors of similar authorship (such as the authors of individual maps contained in the book) and that the name "CC-BY-SA-2.0" is sufficiently precise to locate the correct license on the internet and can be considered a valid URI of the license.^[77]

Verband zum Schutz geistigen Eigentums im Internet (VGSE)[edit]

In July 2016, German computer magazine LinuxUser reported that a German blogger Christoph Langner used two CC-BY licensed photographs from Berlin photographer Dennis Skley on his private blog Linuxundich. Langner duly mentioned the author and the license and added a link to the original. Langner was later contacted by the Verband zum Schutz geistigen Eigentums im Internet (VGSE) (Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property in the Internet) with a demand for €2300 for failing to provide the full name of the work, the full name of the author, the license text, and a source link, as is required by the fine print in the license. Of this sum, €40 goes to the photographer, and the remainder is retained by VGSE.^[78][79] The Higher Regional Court of Köln dismissed the claim in May 2019.^[80]

Works with a Creative Commons license[edit]

Main article: List of works available under a Creative Commons license

See also: Category:Creative Commons-licensed works

Creative Commons maintains a content directory wiki of organizations and projects using Creative Commons licenses.^[81] On its website CC also provides case studies of projects using CC licenses across the world.^[82] CC licensed content can also be accessed through a number of content directories and search engines (see CC licensed content directories).

Retired licenses[edit]

Due to either disuse or criticism, a number of previously offered Creative Commons licenses have since been retired,^[30][83] and are no longer recommended for new works. The retired licenses include all licenses lacking the Attribution element other than CC0, as well as the following four licenses:

• Developing Nations License: a license which only applies to developing countries deemed to be "non-high-income economies" by the World Bank. Full copyright restrictions apply to people in other countries.^[84]
• Sampling: parts of the work can be used for any purpose other than advertising, but the whole work cannot be copied or modified^[85]
• Sampling Plus: parts of the work can be copied and modified for any purpose other than advertising, and the entire work can be copied for noncommercial purposes^[86]
• NonCommercial Sampling Plus: the whole work or parts of the work can be copied and modified for non-commercial purposes^[87]

Unicode symbols[edit]

After being proposed by Creative Commons in 2017,^[88] Creative Commons license symbols were added to Unicode with version 13.0 in 2020.^[89] The circle with an equal sign (meaning no derivatives) is present in older versions of Unicode, unlike all the other symbols.

Name	Unicode atlas ti 8 key - Free Activators	Displayed
Circled Equals meaning no derivatives	U+229C	⊜	E2 8A 9C		⊜
Circled Zero With Slash meaning no rights reserved	U+1F10D	🄍	F0 9F 84 8D		🄍
Circled Anticlockwise Arrow meaning share alike	U+1F10E	🄎	F0 9F 84 8E		🄎
Circled Dollar Sign With Overlaid Backslash meaning non commercial	U+1F10F	🄏	F0 9F 84 8F		🄏
Circled CC meaning Creative Commons license	U+1F16D	🅭	F0 9F 85 AD		🅭
Circled C With Overlaid Backslash meaning public domain	U+1F16E	🅮	F0 9F 85 AE		🅮
Circled Human Figure meaning attribution, credit	U+1F16F	🅯	F0 9F 85 AF		🅯

These symbols can be used in succession to indicate a particular Creative Commons license, for example, CC-BY-SA (CC-Attribution-ShareAlike) can be expressed with Unicode symbols and placed next to each other: 🅭🅯🄎

Case law database[edit]

In December 2020, the Creative Commons organization launched an online database covering licensing case law and legal scholarship.^[90][91]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]